Cultural Adaptation, Content Validation, and Reliability of the SACS 2.0 Instrument for Colombian Spanish.

OBJECTIVE: To realize the cultural adaptation and content validation and evaluate the reliability of the SACS 2.0 instrument in Colombian Spanish. METHODS: The researchers conducted a methodological study with a quantitative approach. The adaptation process was carried out in five stages: translation, synthesis, reverse translation, evaluation by a committee of experts, and testing of the adapted version. In addition, the interobserver reliability was evaluated by four nurses who examined 210 stomas. RESULTS: All of the proposed stages were carried out successfully, and an adapted version of the instrument in Colombian Spanish was obtained. During the content validation stage, the instrument obtained a content validity index of 1. The adapted version of the test showed substantial agreement for the aspect of clarity, adequacy, and understandability. In the interobserver reliability, there was agreement in 95.7% of the evaluations for the classification of the lesions according to the quadrants (κ = 0.97-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Authors achieved a culturally adapted, valid, and reliable instrument for the evaluation and classification of peristomal skin alterations in Colombian Spanish.

Adaptation and Initial Validation of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R) in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: The use of reliable pain assessment measures is essential for scoring and managing pain in infants. The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) is reliable and valid and has been recently revised. To adapt and validate the PIPP-R into Portuguese and to evaluate its psychometric properties are required to ensure maintenance of meaning and content. AIMS: The aim of this study was to culturally adapt to Brazilian Portuguese and explore content validity and construct validity of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised. DESIGN: This is a methodological study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTINGS: Two existing data sets of randomized clinical trials previously conducted were used to examine initial construct validity of the prefinal version of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised. METHODS: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation occurred in four steps. Independent versions of the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised were produced, followed by the preparation of a synthetic version. Two back-translated versions were realized by professional translators. An expert committee evaluated idiomatic and semantic equivalence and clarity and relevance of the items. A content validity index was calculated. Finally, a consolidated prefinal version in Portuguese was then produced. RESULTS: No difficulties in producing the material were reported. Semantic and idiomatic aspects were considered adequate, and content validity index was 1.0. Premature Infant Pain Profile and Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised scores were highly correlated for pain after heel lancing and venipuncture (R2 = 0.986, p < .001) and for pain associated with analgesic strategies (R2 = 0.966-1.00, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised was culturally adapted into Brazilian Portuguese. Appropriate content validity index was determined. Evidence of construct validity was also found. Future studies are warranted to explore the feasibility and other psychometric properties of using the Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised translated and adapted into Brazilian Portuguese in the clinical setting.

Instrumento tarjetas de cualidad del dolor: adaptación cultural y evidencias de validez en niños / Pain Quality Cards: Cultural Adaptation and Evidence of Validity in Children / Instrumento cartões de qualidade da dor: adaptação cultural e evidências de validade em crianças

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la adaptación cultural y encontrar evidencias de validez del instrumento tarjetas de cualidad del dolor (ITCD). Materiales y método: estudio metodológico y de validación de pruebas, que para la adaptación y validación de contenido realizó la traducción, retrotraducción, panel de expertos, revisión por niños en edad escolar y prueba piloto del ITCD. Además, se evaluó la validez de criterio externo con 90 niños en edad escolar hospitalizados y con heridas. La investigación fue realizada entre enero y febrero de 2015. Resultados: el instrumento fue traducido y retrotraducido a español y a portugués, respectivamente. En la evaluación del panel de expertos fue establecido un índice de validez de contenido de 0,92. En la revisión realizada por los niños se efectuaron cambios a los descriptores de siete tarjetas según sus sugerencias. El estudio piloto, mostró que 17 tarjetas presentaron claridad semántica para más del 90% de los niños. En cuanto a las evidencias basadas en el criterio externo, las variables diagnóstico médico, tipo de herida, infección de la herida e intensidad del dolor mostraron resultados significativos (p<0,05). Conclusiones: el instrumento tarjetas de cualidad del dolor fue adaptado culturalmente y mostró evidencias de validez basadas en el contenido y en el criterio externo.

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate cultural adaptation and find evidence of the validity of pain quality cards as a tool. Materials and method: This is a methodological study with test validation. Translation, retranslation, a panel of experts, a review by school-age children, and a pilot test of pain quality cards were used to adapt and validate the content. Moreover, the validity of the external criterion was evaluated with ninety school-aged children who were hospitalized and had wounds or injuries. This research was conducted between January and February 2015. Results: The tool was translated into Spanish then retranslated into Portuguese. The evaluation by the panel of experts established a content validity index of 0.92. In response to the review carried out by the children, changes were made to the descriptors of seven cards, according to their suggestions. The pilot study showed seventeen cards had semantic clarity for more than 90% of children. Regarding the evidence based on the external criterion, the variables of medical diagnosis, wound type, wound infection and pain intensity showed significant results (p <0.05). Conclusions: The pain quality cards were culturally adapted and showed evidence of validity based on content and the external criterion.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a adaptação cultural e encontrar evidências de validade do Instrumento Cartões de Qualidade da Dor (ICQD). Materiais e método: estudo metodológico e de validação de testes que, para a adaptação e validação de conteúdo, realizou tradução, retrotradução, painel de especialistas, revisão por crianças em idade escolar e teste-piloto do ICQD. Além disso, analisou-se a validade de critério externo com 90 crianças em idade escolar hospitalizadas e com feridas. A pesquisa foi realizada entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2015. Resultados: o instrumento foi traduzido e retrotraduzido a espanhol e a português, respectivamente. Na avaliação do painel de especialistas, foi estabelecido um índice de validade de conteúdo 0,92. Na revisão realizada pelas crianças, efetuaram-se mudanças nos descritores de sete cartões segundo suas sugestões. O estudo-piloto mostrou que 17 cartões apresentaram clareza semântica para mais de 90 % das crianças. Quanto às evidências baseadas no critério externo, as variáveis diagnóstico médico, tipo de ferida, infecção da ferida e intensidade da dor mostraram resultados significativos (p < 0,05). Conclusão: o ICQD foi adaptado culturalmente e mostrou evidências de validade baseadas no conteúdo e no critério externo.